proxmox-backup/src/backup/data_blob.rs

use failure::*;
use std::convert::TryInto;

use proxmox::tools::io::{ReadExt, WriteExt};

const MAX_BLOB_SIZE: usize = 128*1024*1024;

use super::*;

/// Data blob binary storage format
///
/// Data blobs store arbitrary binary data (< 128MB), and can be
/// compressed and encrypted. A simply binary format is used to store
/// them on disk or transfer them over the network. Please use index
/// files to store large data files (".fidx" of ".didx").
///
pub struct DataBlob {
    raw_data: Vec<u8>, // tagged, compressed, encryped data
}

impl DataBlob {

    /// accessor to raw_data field
    pub fn raw_data(&self) -> &[u8]  {
        &self.raw_data
    }

    /// Consume self and returns raw_data
    pub fn into_inner(self) -> Vec<u8> {
        self.raw_data
    }

    /// accessor to chunk type (magic number)
    pub fn magic(&self) -> &[u8; 8] {
        self.raw_data[0..8].try_into().unwrap()
    }

    /// accessor to crc32 checksum
    pub fn crc(&self) -> u32 {
        let crc_o = proxmox::tools::offsetof!(DataBlobHeader, crc);
        u32::from_le_bytes(self.raw_data[crc_o..crc_o+4].try_into().unwrap())
    }

    // set the CRC checksum field
    pub fn set_crc(&mut self, crc: u32) {
        let crc_o = proxmox::tools::offsetof!(DataBlobHeader, crc);
        self.raw_data[crc_o..crc_o+4].copy_from_slice(&crc.to_le_bytes());
    }

    /// compute the CRC32 checksum
    pub fn compute_crc(&self) -> u32 {
        let mut hasher = crc32fast::Hasher::new();
        let start = std::mem::size_of::<DataBlobHeader>(); // start after HEAD
        hasher.update(&self.raw_data[start..]);
        hasher.finalize()
    }

    /// verify the CRC32 checksum
    pub fn verify_crc(&self) -> Result<(), Error> {
        let expected_crc = self.compute_crc();
        if expected_crc != self.crc() {
            bail!("Data blob has wrong CRC checksum.");
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Create a DataBlob, optionally compressed and/or encrypted
    pub fn encode(
        data: &[u8],
        config: Option<&CryptConfig>,
        compress: bool,
    ) -> Result<Self, Error> {

        if data.len() > MAX_BLOB_SIZE {
            bail!("data blob too large ({} bytes).", data.len());
        }

        let mut blob = if let Some(config) = config {

            let compr_data;
            let (_compress, data, magic) = if compress {
                compr_data = zstd::block::compress(data, 1)?;
                // Note: We only use compression if result is shorter
                if compr_data.len() < data.len() {
                    (true, &compr_data[..], ENCR_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0)
                } else {
                    (false, data, ENCRYPTED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0)
                }
            } else {
                (false, data, ENCRYPTED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0)
            };

            let header_len = std::mem::size_of::<EncryptedDataBlobHeader>();
            let mut raw_data = Vec::with_capacity(data.len() + header_len);

            let dummy_head = EncryptedDataBlobHeader {
                head: DataBlobHeader { magic: [0u8; 8], crc: [0; 4] },
                iv: [0u8; 16],
                tag: [0u8; 16],
            };
            unsafe {
                raw_data.write_le_value(dummy_head)?;
            }

            let (iv, tag) = config.encrypt_to(data, &mut raw_data)?;

            let head = EncryptedDataBlobHeader {
                head: DataBlobHeader { magic, crc: [0; 4] }, iv, tag,
            };

            unsafe {
                (&mut raw_data[0..header_len]).write_le_value(head)?;
            }

            DataBlob { raw_data }
        } else {

            let max_data_len = data.len() + std::mem::size_of::<DataBlobHeader>();
            if compress {
                let mut comp_data = Vec::with_capacity(max_data_len);

                let head =  DataBlobHeader {
                    magic: COMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0,
                    crc: [0; 4],
                };
                unsafe {
                    comp_data.write_le_value(head)?;
                }

                zstd::stream::copy_encode(data, &mut comp_data, 1)?;

                if comp_data.len() < max_data_len {
                    let mut blob = DataBlob { raw_data: comp_data };
                    blob.set_crc(blob.compute_crc());
                    return Ok(blob);
                }
            }

            let mut raw_data = Vec::with_capacity(max_data_len);

            let head =  DataBlobHeader {
                magic: UNCOMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0,
                crc: [0; 4],
            };
            unsafe {
                raw_data.write_le_value(head)?;
            }
            raw_data.extend_from_slice(data);

            DataBlob { raw_data }
        };

        blob.set_crc(blob.compute_crc());

        Ok(blob)
    }

    /// Decode blob data
    pub fn decode(self, config: Option<&CryptConfig>) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {

        let magic = self.magic();

        if magic == &UNCOMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
            let data_start = std::mem::size_of::<DataBlobHeader>();
            return Ok(self.raw_data[data_start..].to_vec());
        } else if magic == &COMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
            let data_start = std::mem::size_of::<DataBlobHeader>();
            let data = zstd::block::decompress(&self.raw_data[data_start..], MAX_BLOB_SIZE)?;
            return Ok(data);
        } else if magic == &ENCR_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 || magic == &ENCRYPTED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
            let header_len = std::mem::size_of::<EncryptedDataBlobHeader>();
            let head = unsafe {
                (&self.raw_data[..header_len]).read_le_value::<EncryptedDataBlobHeader>()?
            };

            if let Some(config) = config  {
                let data = if magic == &ENCR_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
                    config.decode_compressed_chunk(&self.raw_data[header_len..], &head.iv, &head.tag)?
                } else {
                    config.decode_uncompressed_chunk(&self.raw_data[header_len..], &head.iv, &head.tag)?
                };
                return Ok(data);
            } else {
                bail!("unable to decrypt blob - missing CryptConfig");
            }
        } else if magic == &AUTH_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 || magic == &AUTHENTICATED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
            let header_len = std::mem::size_of::<AuthenticatedDataBlobHeader>();
            let head = unsafe {
                (&self.raw_data[..header_len]).read_le_value::<AuthenticatedDataBlobHeader>()?
            };

            let data_start = std::mem::size_of::<AuthenticatedDataBlobHeader>();

            // Note: only verify if we have a crypt config
            if let Some(config) = config  {
                let signature = config.compute_auth_tag(&self.raw_data[data_start..]);
                if signature != head.tag {
                    bail!("verifying blob signature failed");
                }
            }

            if magic == &AUTH_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
                let data = zstd::block::decompress(&self.raw_data[data_start..], 16*1024*1024)?;
                return Ok(data);
            } else {
                return Ok(self.raw_data[data_start..].to_vec());
            }
        } else {
            bail!("Invalid blob magic number.");
        }
    }

    /// Create a signed DataBlob, optionally compressed
    pub fn create_signed(
        data: &[u8],
        config: &CryptConfig,
        compress: bool,
    ) -> Result<Self, Error> {

        if data.len() > MAX_BLOB_SIZE {
            bail!("data blob too large ({} bytes).", data.len());
        }

        let compr_data;
        let (_compress, data, magic) = if compress {
            compr_data = zstd::block::compress(data, 1)?;
            // Note: We only use compression if result is shorter
            if compr_data.len() < data.len() {
                (true, &compr_data[..], AUTH_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0)
            } else {
                (false, data, AUTHENTICATED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0)
            }
        } else {
            (false, data, AUTHENTICATED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0)
        };

        let header_len = std::mem::size_of::<AuthenticatedDataBlobHeader>();
        let mut raw_data = Vec::with_capacity(data.len() + header_len);

        let head = AuthenticatedDataBlobHeader {
            head: DataBlobHeader { magic, crc: [0; 4] },
            tag: config.compute_auth_tag(data),
        };
        unsafe {
            raw_data.write_le_value(head)?;
        }
        raw_data.extend_from_slice(data);

        let mut blob = DataBlob { raw_data };
        blob.set_crc(blob.compute_crc());

        return Ok(blob);
    }

    /// Create Instance from raw data
    pub fn from_raw(data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self, Error> {

        if data.len() < std::mem::size_of::<DataBlobHeader>() {
            bail!("blob too small ({} bytes).", data.len());
        }

        let magic = &data[0..8];

        if magic == ENCR_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 || magic == ENCRYPTED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {

            if data.len() < std::mem::size_of::<EncryptedDataBlobHeader>() {
                bail!("encrypted blob too small ({} bytes).", data.len());
            }

            let blob = DataBlob { raw_data: data };

            Ok(blob)
        } else if magic == COMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 || magic == UNCOMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {

            let blob = DataBlob { raw_data: data };

            Ok(blob)
        } else if magic == AUTH_COMPR_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 || magic == AUTHENTICATED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
            if data.len() < std::mem::size_of::<AuthenticatedDataBlobHeader>() {
                bail!("authenticated blob too small ({} bytes).", data.len());
            }

            let blob = DataBlob { raw_data: data };

            Ok(blob)
        } else {
            bail!("unable to parse raw blob - wrong magic");
        }
    }

}

// TODO: impl. other blob types

use std::io::{Read, BufRead, Write, Seek, SeekFrom};

/// Write compressed data blobs
pub struct CompressedDataBlobWriter<W: Write> {
    compr: Option<zstd::stream::write::Encoder<W>>,
    hasher: crc32fast::Hasher,
}

impl <W: Write + Seek> CompressedDataBlobWriter<W> {

    pub fn new(mut out: W) -> Result<Self, Error> {
        out.seek(SeekFrom::Start(0))?;
        let head = DataBlobHeader { magic: COMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0, crc: [0; 4] };
        unsafe {
            out.write_le_value(head)?;
        }
        let compr = zstd::stream::write::Encoder::new(out, 1)?;
        Ok(Self { compr: Some(compr), hasher: crc32fast::Hasher::new() })
    }

    pub fn finish(mut self) -> Result<W, Error> {
        let compr = self.compr.take().expect("blob writer already finished");
        let mut out = compr.finish()?;

        // write CRC
        let crc = self.hasher.finalize();
        let head = DataBlobHeader { magic: COMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0, crc: crc.to_le_bytes() };

        out.seek(SeekFrom::Start(0))?;
        unsafe {
            out.write_le_value(head)?;
        }

        Ok(out)
    }
}

impl <W: Write + Seek> Write for CompressedDataBlobWriter<W> {

    fn write(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize, std::io::Error> {
        let compr = self.compr.as_mut().expect("blob writer already finished");
        self.hasher.update(buf);
        compr.write(buf)
    }

    fn flush(&mut self) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
        let compr = self.compr.as_mut().expect("blob writer already finished");
        compr.flush()
    }
}

/// Read compressed data blobs
pub struct CompressedDataBlobReader<R: BufRead> {
    decompr: zstd::stream::read::Decoder<R>,
    hasher: Option<crc32fast::Hasher>,
    expected_crc: u32,
}

impl <R: BufRead> CompressedDataBlobReader<R> {

    pub fn new(mut reader: R) -> Result<Self, Error> {

        let head: DataBlobHeader = unsafe { reader.read_le_value()? };
        if head.magic != COMPRESSED_BLOB_MAGIC_1_0 {
            bail!("got wrong magic number");
        }
        let expected_crc = u32::from_le_bytes(head.crc);
        let decompr = zstd::stream::read::Decoder::with_buffer(reader)?;
        Ok(Self { decompr: decompr, hasher: Some(crc32fast::Hasher::new()), expected_crc })
    }
}

impl <R: BufRead> Read for CompressedDataBlobReader<R> {

    fn read(&mut self, buf: &mut [u8]) -> Result<usize, std::io::Error> {
        let count = self.decompr.read(buf)?;
        if count == 0 { // EOF, verify crc
            let hasher = self.hasher.take().expect("blob reader already finished");
            let crc = hasher.finalize();
            if crc != self.expected_crc {
                return Err(std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::Other, "blob reader crc error"));
            }
        } else {
            let hasher = self.hasher.as_mut().expect("blob reader already finished");
            hasher.update(buf);
        }
        Ok(count)
    }
}