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docs: language and formatting fixup 

Some minor langague and formatting fixes to sections: Proxmox VE
Integration, pxar Command Line Tool, Managing Remotes, Maintenance
Tasks, Host System Administration, Network Management, and Technical
Overview.

Signed-off-by: Dylan Whyte <d.whyte@proxmox.com>
This commit is contained in:
Dylan Whyte 2021-10-11 17:15:19 +02:00 committed by Dietmar Maurer
parent 5fb852afed
commit 7ccbce03d3
9 changed files with 221 additions and 200 deletions
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131
docs/local-zfs.rst
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@ -4,17 +4,17 @@
ZFS on Linux ZFS on Linux
------------ ------------
ZFS is a combined file system and logical volume manager designed by ZFS is a combined file system and logical volume manager, designed by
Sun Microsystems. There is no need to manually compile ZFS modules - all Sun Microsystems. There is no need to manually compile ZFS modules - all
packages are included. packages are included.
By using ZFS, it's possible to achieve maximum enterprise features with By using ZFS, it's possible to achieve maximum enterprise features with
low budget hardware, but also high performance systems by leveraging low budget hardware, and also high performance systems by leveraging
SSD caching or even SSD only setups. ZFS can replace cost intense SSD caching or even SSD only setups. ZFS can replace expensive
hardware raid cards by moderate CPU and memory load combined with easy hardware raid cards with moderate CPU and memory load, combined with easy
management. management.
General ZFS advantages General advantages of ZFS:
* Easy configuration and management with GUI and CLI. * Easy configuration and management with GUI and CLI.
* Reliable * Reliable
@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ General ZFS advantages
Hardware Hardware
~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~
ZFS depends heavily on memory, so you need at least 8GB to start. In ZFS depends heavily on memory, so it's recommended to have at least 8GB to
practice, use as much you can get for your hardware/budget. To prevent start. In practice, use as much you can get for your hardware/budget. To prevent
data corruption, we recommend the use of high quality ECC RAM. data corruption, we recommend the use of high quality ECC RAM.
If you use a dedicated cache and/or log disk, you should use an If you use a dedicated cache and/or log disk, you should use an
enterprise class SSD (e.g. Intel SSD DC S3700 Series). This can enterprise class SSD (for example, Intel SSD DC S3700 Series). This can
increase the overall performance significantly. increase the overall performance significantly.
IMPORTANT: Do not use ZFS on top of hardware controller which has its IMPORTANT: Do not use ZFS on top of a hardware controller which has its
own cache management. ZFS needs to directly communicate with disks. An own cache management. ZFS needs to directly communicate with disks. An
HBA adapter is the way to go, or something like LSI controller flashed HBA adapter or something like an LSI controller flashed in ``IT`` mode is
in ``IT`` mode. recommended.
ZFS Administration ZFS Administration
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ ZFS Administration
This section gives you some usage examples for common tasks. ZFS This section gives you some usage examples for common tasks. ZFS
itself is really powerful and provides many options. The main commands itself is really powerful and provides many options. The main commands
to manage ZFS are `zfs` and `zpool`. Both commands come with great to manage ZFS are `zfs` and `zpool`. Both commands come with extensive
manual pages, which can be read with: manual pages, which can be read with:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Create a new pool with cache (L2ARC)
It is possible to use a dedicated cache drive partition to increase It is possible to use a dedicated cache drive partition to increase
the performance (use SSD). the performance (use SSD).
As `<device>` it is possible to use more devices, like it's shown in For `<device>`, you can use multiple devices, as is shown in
"Create a new pool with RAID*". "Create a new pool with RAID*".
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Create a new pool with log (ZIL)
It is possible to use a dedicated cache drive partition to increase It is possible to use a dedicated cache drive partition to increase
the performance (SSD). the performance (SSD).
As `<device>` it is possible to use more devices, like it's shown in For `<device>`, you can use multiple devices, as is shown in
"Create a new pool with RAID*". "Create a new pool with RAID*".
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -146,8 +146,9 @@ As `<device>` it is possible to use more devices, like it's shown in
Add cache and log to an existing pool Add cache and log to an existing pool
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have a pool without cache and log. First partition the SSD in You can add cache and log devices to a pool after its creation. In this example,
2 partition with `parted` or `gdisk` we will use a single drive for both cache and log. First, you need to create
2 partitions on the SSD with `parted` or `gdisk`
.. important:: Always use GPT partition tables. .. important:: Always use GPT partition tables.
@ -171,12 +172,12 @@ Changing a failed device
Changing a failed bootable device Changing a failed bootable device
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Depending on how Proxmox Backup was installed it is either using `grub` or `systemd-boot` Depending on how Proxmox Backup was installed, it is either using `grub` or
as bootloader. `systemd-boot` as a bootloader.
The first steps of copying the partition table, reissuing GUIDs and replacing In either case, the first steps of copying the partition table, reissuing GUIDs
the ZFS partition are the same. To make the system bootable from the new disk, and replacing the ZFS partition are the same. To make the system bootable from
different steps are needed which depend on the bootloader in use. the new disk, different steps are needed which depend on the bootloader in use.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ Usually `grub.cfg` is located in `/boot/grub/grub.cfg`
# grub-mkconfig -o /path/to/grub.cfg # grub-mkconfig -o /path/to/grub.cfg
Activate E-Mail Notification Activate e-mail notification
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ZFS comes with an event daemon, which monitors events generated by the ZFS comes with an event daemon, which monitors events generated by the
@ -219,24 +220,24 @@ and you can install it using `apt-get`:
# apt-get install zfs-zed # apt-get install zfs-zed
To activate the daemon it is necessary to edit `/etc/zfs/zed.d/zed.rc` with your To activate the daemon, it is necessary to to uncomment the ZED_EMAIL_ADDR
favorite editor, and uncomment the `ZED_EMAIL_ADDR` setting: setting, in the file `/etc/zfs/zed.d/zed.rc`.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
ZED_EMAIL_ADDR="root" ZED_EMAIL_ADDR="root"
Please note Proxmox Backup forwards mails to `root` to the email address Please note that Proxmox Backup forwards mails to `root` to the email address
configured for the root user. configured for the root user.
IMPORTANT: The only setting that is required is `ZED_EMAIL_ADDR`. All IMPORTANT: The only setting that is required is `ZED_EMAIL_ADDR`. All
other settings are optional. other settings are optional.
Limit ZFS Memory Usage Limit ZFS memory usage
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
It is good to use at most 50 percent (which is the default) of the It is good to use at most 50 percent (which is the default) of the
system memory for ZFS ARC to prevent performance shortage of the system memory for ZFS ARC, to prevent performance degradation of the
host. Use your preferred editor to change the configuration in host. Use your preferred editor to change the configuration in
`/etc/modprobe.d/zfs.conf` and insert: `/etc/modprobe.d/zfs.conf` and insert:
@ -244,25 +245,40 @@ host. Use your preferred editor to change the configuration in
options zfs zfs_arc_max=8589934592 options zfs zfs_arc_max=8589934592
This example setting limits the usage to 8GB. The above example limits the usage to 8 GiB ('8 * 2^30^').
.. IMPORTANT:: If your root file system is ZFS you must update your initramfs every time this value changes: .. IMPORTANT:: In case your desired `zfs_arc_max` value is lower than or equal
to `zfs_arc_min` (which defaults to 1/32 of the system memory), `zfs_arc_max`
will be ignored. Thus, for it to work in this case, you must set
`zfs_arc_min` to at most `zfs_arc_max - 1`. This would require updating the
configuration in `/etc/modprobe.d/zfs.conf`, with:
.. code-block:: console
options zfs zfs_arc_min=8589934591
options zfs zfs_arc_max=8589934592
This example setting limits the usage to 8 GiB ('8 * 2^30^') on
systems with more than 256 GiB of total memory, where simply setting
`zfs_arc_max` alone would not work.
.. IMPORTANT:: If your root file system is ZFS, you must update your initramfs
every time this value changes.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# update-initramfs -u # update-initramfs -u
SWAP on ZFS Swap on ZFS
^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^
Swap-space created on a zvol may generate some troubles, like blocking the Swap-space created on a zvol may cause some issues, such as blocking the
server or generating a high IO load, often seen when starting a Backup server or generating a high IO load, often seen when starting a Backup
to an external Storage. to an external Storage.
We strongly recommend to use enough memory, so that you normally do not We strongly recommend using enough memory, so that you normally do not
run into low memory situations. Should you need or want to add swap, it is run into low memory situations. Should you need or want to add swap, it is
preferred to create a partition on a physical disk and use it as swap device. preferred to create a partition on a physical disk and use it as a swap device.
You can leave some space free for this purpose in the advanced options of the You can leave some space free for this purpose in the advanced options of the
installer. Additionally, you can lower the `swappiness` value. installer. Additionally, you can lower the `swappiness` value.
A good value for servers is 10: A good value for servers is 10:
@ -291,7 +307,7 @@ an editor of your choice and add the following line:
vm.swappiness = 100 The kernel will swap aggressively. vm.swappiness = 100 The kernel will swap aggressively.
==================== =============================================================== ==================== ===============================================================
ZFS Compression ZFS compression
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
To activate compression: To activate compression:
@ -300,10 +316,11 @@ To activate compression:
# zpool set compression=lz4 <pool> # zpool set compression=lz4 <pool>
We recommend using the `lz4` algorithm, since it adds very little CPU overhead. We recommend using the `lz4` algorithm, since it adds very little CPU overhead.
Other algorithms such as `lzjb` and `gzip-N` (where `N` is an integer `1-9` representing Other algorithms such as `lzjb` and `gzip-N` (where `N` is an integer from `1-9`
the compression ratio, 1 is fastest and 9 is best compression) are also available. representing the compression ratio, where 1 is fastest and 9 is best
Depending on the algorithm and how compressible the data is, having compression enabled can even increase compression) are also available. Depending on the algorithm and how
I/O performance. compressible the data is, having compression enabled can even increase I/O
performance.
You can disable compression at any time with: You can disable compression at any time with:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -314,26 +331,26 @@ Only new blocks will be affected by this change.
.. _local_zfs_special_device: .. _local_zfs_special_device:
ZFS Special Device ZFS special device
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Since version 0.8.0 ZFS supports `special` devices. A `special` device in a Since version 0.8.0, ZFS supports `special` devices. A `special` device in a
pool is used to store metadata, deduplication tables, and optionally small pool is used to store metadata, deduplication tables, and optionally small
file blocks. file blocks.
A `special` device can improve the speed of a pool consisting of slow spinning A `special` device can improve the speed of a pool consisting of slow spinning
hard disks with a lot of metadata changes. For example workloads that involve hard disks with a lot of metadata changes. For example, workloads that involve
creating, updating or deleting a large number of files will benefit from the creating, updating or deleting a large number of files will benefit from the
presence of a `special` device. ZFS datasets can also be configured to store presence of a `special` device. ZFS datasets can also be configured to store
whole small files on the `special` device which can further improve the small files on the `special` device, which can further improve the
performance. Use fast SSDs for the `special` device. performance. Use fast SSDs for the `special` device.
.. IMPORTANT:: The redundancy of the `special` device should match the one of the .. IMPORTANT:: The redundancy of the `special` device should match the one of the
pool, since the `special` device is a point of failure for the whole pool. pool, since the `special` device is a point of failure for the entire pool.
.. WARNING:: Adding a `special` device to a pool cannot be undone! .. WARNING:: Adding a `special` device to a pool cannot be undone!
Create a pool with `special` device and RAID-1: To create a pool with `special` device and RAID-1:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -346,8 +363,8 @@ Adding a `special` device to an existing pool with RAID-1:
# zpool add <pool> special mirror <device1> <device2> # zpool add <pool> special mirror <device1> <device2>
ZFS datasets expose the `special_small_blocks=<size>` property. `size` can be ZFS datasets expose the `special_small_blocks=<size>` property. `size` can be
`0` to disable storing small file blocks on the `special` device or a power of `0` to disable storing small file blocks on the `special` device, or a power of
two in the range between `512B` to `128K`. After setting the property new file two in the range between `512B` to `128K`. After setting this property, new file
blocks smaller than `size` will be allocated on the `special` device. blocks smaller than `size` will be allocated on the `special` device.
.. IMPORTANT:: If the value for `special_small_blocks` is greater than or equal to .. IMPORTANT:: If the value for `special_small_blocks` is greater than or equal to
@ -355,10 +372,10 @@ blocks smaller than `size` will be allocated on the `special` device.
the `special` device, so be careful! the `special` device, so be careful!
Setting the `special_small_blocks` property on a pool will change the default Setting the `special_small_blocks` property on a pool will change the default
value of that property for all child ZFS datasets (for example all containers value of that property for all child ZFS datasets (for example, all containers
in the pool will opt in for small file blocks). in the pool will opt in for small file blocks).
Opt in for all file smaller than 4K-blocks pool-wide: Opt in for all files smaller than 4K-blocks pool-wide:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -379,10 +396,15 @@ Opt out from small file blocks for a single dataset:
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Corrupted cachefile Corrupt cache file
""""""""""""""""""
In case of a corrupted ZFS cachefile, some volumes may not be mounted during `zfs-import-cache.service` imports ZFS pools using the ZFS cache file. If this
boot until mounted manually later. file becomes corrupted, the service won't be able to import the pools that it's
unable to read from it.
As a result, in case of a corrupted ZFS cache file, some volumes may not be
mounted during boot and must be mounted manually later.
For each pool, run: For each pool, run:
@ -390,16 +412,13 @@ For each pool, run:
# zpool set cachefile=/etc/zfs/zpool.cache POOLNAME # zpool set cachefile=/etc/zfs/zpool.cache POOLNAME
and afterwards update the `initramfs` by running: then, update the `initramfs` by running:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# update-initramfs -u -k all # update-initramfs -u -k all
and finally reboot your node. and finally, reboot the node.
Sometimes the ZFS cachefile can get corrupted, and `zfs-import-cache.service`
doesn't import the pools that aren't present in the cachefile.
Another workaround to this problem is enabling the `zfs-import-scan.service`, Another workaround to this problem is enabling the `zfs-import-scan.service`,
which searches and imports pools via device scanning (usually slower). which searches and imports pools via device scanning (usually slower).

54
docs/maintenance.rst
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@ -14,15 +14,15 @@ following retention options are available:
``keep-hourly <N>`` ``keep-hourly <N>``
Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` hours. If there is more than one Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` hours. If there is more than one
backup for a single hour, only the latest is kept. backup for a single hour, only the latest is retained.
``keep-daily <N>`` ``keep-daily <N>``
Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` days. If there is more than one Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` days. If there is more than one
backup for a single day, only the latest is kept. backup for a single day, only the latest is retained.
``keep-weekly <N>`` ``keep-weekly <N>``
Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` weeks. If there is more than one Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` weeks. If there is more than one
backup for a single week, only the latest is kept. backup for a single week, only the latest is retained.
.. note:: Weeks start on Monday and end on Sunday. The software .. note:: Weeks start on Monday and end on Sunday. The software
uses the `ISO week date`_ system and handles weeks at uses the `ISO week date`_ system and handles weeks at
@ -30,17 +30,17 @@ following retention options are available:
``keep-monthly <N>`` ``keep-monthly <N>``
Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` months. If there is more than one Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` months. If there is more than one
backup for a single month, only the latest is kept. backup for a single month, only the latest is retained.
``keep-yearly <N>`` ``keep-yearly <N>``
Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` years. If there is more than one Keep backups for the last ``<N>`` years. If there is more than one
backup for a single year, only the latest is kept. backup for a single year, only the latest is retained.
The retention options are processed in the order given above. Each option The retention options are processed in the order given above. Each option
only covers backups within its time period. The next option does not take care only covers backups within its time period. The next option does not take care
of already covered backups. It will only consider older backups. of already covered backups. It will only consider older backups.
Unfinished and incomplete backups will be removed by the prune command unless Unfinished and incomplete backups will be removed by the prune command, unless
they are newer than the last successful backup. In this case, the last failed they are newer than the last successful backup. In this case, the last failed
backup is retained. backup is retained.
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Prune Simulator
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
You can use the built-in `prune simulator <prune-simulator/index.html>`_ You can use the built-in `prune simulator <prune-simulator/index.html>`_
to explore the effect of different retetion options with various backup to explore the effect of different retention options with various backup
schedules. schedules.
Manual Pruning Manual Pruning
@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ Manual Pruning
:align: right :align: right
:alt: Prune and garbage collection options :alt: Prune and garbage collection options
To access pruning functionality for a specific backup group, you can use the To manually prune a specific backup group, you can use
prune command line option discussed in :ref:`backup-pruning`, or navigate to ``proxmox-backup-client``'s ``prune`` subcommand, discussed in
the **Content** tab of the datastore and click the scissors icon in the :ref:`backup-pruning`, or navigate to the **Content** tab of the datastore and
**Actions** column of the relevant backup group. click the scissors icon in the **Actions** column of the relevant backup group.
Prune Schedules Prune Schedules
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Retention Settings Example
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The backup frequency and retention of old backups may depend on how often data The backup frequency and retention of old backups may depend on how often data
changes, and how important an older state may be, in a specific work load. changes and how important an older state may be in a specific workload.
When backups act as a company's document archive, there may also be legal When backups act as a company's document archive, there may also be legal
requirements for how long backup snapshots must be kept. requirements for how long backup snapshots must be kept.
@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ start garbage collection on an entire datastore and the ``status`` subcommand to
see attributes relating to the :ref:`garbage collection <client_garbage-collection>`. see attributes relating to the :ref:`garbage collection <client_garbage-collection>`.
This functionality can also be accessed in the GUI, by navigating to **Prune & This functionality can also be accessed in the GUI, by navigating to **Prune &
GC** from the top panel. From here, you can edit the schedule at which garbage GC** from the top panel of a datastore. From here, you can edit the schedule at
collection runs and manually start the operation. which garbage collection runs and manually start the operation.
.. _maintenance_verification: .. _maintenance_verification:
@ -139,13 +139,13 @@ Verification
:align: right :align: right
:alt: Adding a verify job :alt: Adding a verify job
Proxmox Backup offers various verification options to ensure that backup data is Proxmox Backup Server offers various verification options to ensure that backup
intact. Verification is generally carried out through the creation of verify data is intact. Verification is generally carried out through the creation of
jobs. These are scheduled tasks that run verification at a given interval (see verify jobs. These are scheduled tasks that run verification at a given interval
:ref:`calendar-event-scheduling`). With these, you can set whether already verified (see :ref:`calendar-event-scheduling`). With these, you can also set whether
snapshots are ignored, as well as set a time period, after which verified jobs already verified snapshots are ignored, as well as set a time period, after
are checked again. The interface for creating verify jobs can be found under the which snapshots are checked again. The interface for creating verify jobs can be
**Verify Jobs** tab of the datastore. found under the **Verify Jobs** tab of the datastore.
.. Note:: It is recommended that you reverify all backups at least monthly, even .. Note:: It is recommended that you reverify all backups at least monthly, even
if a previous verification was successful. This is because physical drives if a previous verification was successful. This is because physical drives
@ -158,9 +158,9 @@ are checked again. The interface for creating verify jobs can be found under the
data. data.
Aside from using verify jobs, you can also run verification manually on entire Aside from using verify jobs, you can also run verification manually on entire
datastores, backup groups, or snapshots. To do this, navigate to the **Content** datastores, backup groups or snapshots. To do this, navigate to the **Content**
tab of the datastore and either click *Verify All*, or select the *V.* icon from tab of the datastore and either click *Verify All* or select the *V.* icon from
the *Actions* column in the table. the **Actions** column in the table.
.. _maintenance_notification: .. _maintenance_notification:
@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ Notifications
Proxmox Backup Server can send you notification emails about automatically Proxmox Backup Server can send you notification emails about automatically
scheduled verification, garbage-collection and synchronization tasks results. scheduled verification, garbage-collection and synchronization tasks results.
By default, notifications are send to the email address configured for the By default, notifications are sent to the email address configured for the
`root@pam` user. You can set that user for each datastore. `root@pam` user. You can instead set this user for each datastore.
You can also change the level of notification received per task type, the You can also change the level of notification received per task type, the
following options are available: following options are available:
@ -179,6 +179,6 @@ following options are available:
* Always: send a notification for any scheduled task, independent of the * Always: send a notification for any scheduled task, independent of the
outcome outcome
* Errors: send a notification for any scheduled task resulting in an error * Errors: send a notification for any scheduled task that results in an error
* Never: do not send any notification at all * Never: do not send any notification at all

23
docs/managing-remotes.rst
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@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ configuration information for remotes is stored in the file
:align: right :align: right
:alt: Add a remote :alt: Add a remote
To add a remote, you need its hostname or IP, a userid and password on the To add a remote, you need its hostname or IP address, a userid and password on
remote, and its certificate fingerprint. To get the fingerprint, use the the remote, and its certificate fingerprint. To get the fingerprint, use the
``proxmox-backup-manager cert info`` command on the remote, or navigate to ``proxmox-backup-manager cert info`` command on the remote, or navigate to
**Dashboard** in the remote's web interface and select **Show Fingerprint**. **Dashboard** in the remote's web interface and select **Show Fingerprint**.
@ -60,12 +60,13 @@ Sync Jobs
Sync jobs are configured to pull the contents of a datastore on a **Remote** to Sync jobs are configured to pull the contents of a datastore on a **Remote** to
a local datastore. You can manage sync jobs in the web interface, from the a local datastore. You can manage sync jobs in the web interface, from the
**Sync Jobs** tab of the datastore which you'd like to set one up for, or using **Sync Jobs** tab of the **Datastore** panel or from that of the Datastore
the ``proxmox-backup-manager sync-job`` command. The configuration information itself. Alternatively, you can manage them with the ``proxmox-backup-manager
for sync jobs is stored at ``/etc/proxmox-backup/sync.cfg``. To create a new sync-job`` command. The configuration information for sync jobs is stored at
sync job, click the add button in the GUI, or use the ``create`` subcommand. ``/etc/proxmox-backup/sync.cfg``. To create a new sync job, click the add button
After creating a sync job, you can either start it manually from the GUI or in the GUI, or use the ``create`` subcommand. After creating a sync job, you can
provide it with a schedule (see :ref:`calendar-event-scheduling`) to run regularly. either start it manually from the GUI or provide it with a schedule (see
:ref:`calendar-event-scheduling`) to run regularly.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -79,14 +80,14 @@ provide it with a schedule (see :ref:`calendar-event-scheduling`) to run regular
└────────────┴───────┴────────┴──────────────┴───────────┴─────────┘ └────────────┴───────┴────────┴──────────────┴───────────┴─────────┘
# proxmox-backup-manager sync-job remove pbs2-local # proxmox-backup-manager sync-job remove pbs2-local
For setting up sync jobs, the configuring user needs the following permissions: To set up sync jobs, the configuring user needs the following permissions:
#. ``Remote.Read`` on the ``/remote/{remote}/{remote-store}`` path #. ``Remote.Read`` on the ``/remote/{remote}/{remote-store}`` path
#. at least ``Datastore.Backup`` on the local target datastore (``/datastore/{store}``) #. At least ``Datastore.Backup`` on the local target datastore (``/datastore/{store}``)
If the ``remove-vanished`` option is set, ``Datastore.Prune`` is required on If the ``remove-vanished`` option is set, ``Datastore.Prune`` is required on
the local datastore as well. If the ``owner`` option is not set (defaulting to the local datastore as well. If the ``owner`` option is not set (defaulting to
``root@pam``) or set to something other than the configuring user, ``root@pam``) or is set to something other than the configuring user,
``Datastore.Modify`` is required as well. ``Datastore.Modify`` is required as well.
.. note:: A sync job can only sync backup groups that the configured remote's .. note:: A sync job can only sync backup groups that the configured remote's

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docs/network-management.rst
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@ -82,7 +82,8 @@ is:
.. note:: This command and corresponding GUI button rely on the ``ifreload`` .. note:: This command and corresponding GUI button rely on the ``ifreload``
command, from the package ``ifupdown2``. This package is included within the command, from the package ``ifupdown2``. This package is included within the
Proxmox Backup Server installation, however, you may have to install it yourself, Proxmox Backup Server installation, however, you may have to install it yourself,
if you have installed Proxmox Backup Server on top of Debian or Proxmox VE. if you have installed Proxmox Backup Server on top of Debian or a Proxmox VE
version prior to version 7.
You can also configure DNS settings, from the **DNS** section You can also configure DNS settings, from the **DNS** section
of **Configuration** or by using the ``dns`` subcommand of of **Configuration** or by using the ``dns`` subcommand of

2
docs/proxmox-backup-proxy/description.rst
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
This daemon exposes the whole Proxmox Backup Server API on TCP port This daemon exposes the whole Proxmox Backup Server API on TCP port
8007 using HTTPS. It runs as user ``backup`` and has very limited 8007 using HTTPS. It runs as user ``backup`` and has very limited
permissions. Operation requiring more permissions are forwarded to permissions. Operations requiring more permissions are forwarded to
the local ``proxmox-backup`` service. the local ``proxmox-backup`` service.

16
docs/pve-integration.rst
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@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
`Proxmox VE`_ Integration `Proxmox VE`_ Integration
------------------------- -------------------------
A Proxmox Backup Server can be integrated into a Proxmox VE setup by adding the Proxmox Backup Server can be integrated into a Proxmox VE standalone or cluster
former as a storage in a Proxmox VE standalone or cluster setup. setup, by adding it as a storage in Proxmox VE.
See also the `Proxmox VE Storage - Proxmox Backup Server See also the `Proxmox VE Storage - Proxmox Backup Server
<https://pve.proxmox.com/pve-docs/pve-admin-guide.html#storage_pbs>`_ section <https://pve.proxmox.com/pve-docs/pve-admin-guide.html#storage_pbs>`_ section
@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ of the Proxmox VE Administration Guide for Proxmox VE specific documentation.
Using the Proxmox VE Web-Interface Using the Proxmox VE Web-Interface
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Proxmox VE has native API and web-interface integration of Proxmox Backup Proxmox VE has native API and web interface integration of Proxmox Backup
Server since the `Proxmox VE 6.3 release Server as of `Proxmox VE 6.3
<https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Roadmap#Proxmox_VE_6.3>`_. <https://pve.proxmox.com/wiki/Roadmap#Proxmox_VE_6.3>`_.
A Proxmox Backup Server can be added under ``Datacenter -> Storage``. A Proxmox Backup Server can be added under ``Datacenter -> Storage``.
@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ Using the Proxmox VE Command-Line
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You need to define a new storage with type 'pbs' on your `Proxmox VE`_ You need to define a new storage with type 'pbs' on your `Proxmox VE`_
node. The following example uses ``store2`` as storage name, and node. The following example uses ``store2`` as the storage's name, and
assumes the server address is ``localhost``, and you want to connect assumes the server address is ``localhost`` and you want to connect
as ``user1@pbs``. as ``user1@pbs``.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ as ``user1@pbs``.
# pvesm add pbs store2 --server localhost --datastore store2 # pvesm add pbs store2 --server localhost --datastore store2
# pvesm set store2 --username user1@pbs --password <secret> # pvesm set store2 --username user1@pbs --password <secret>
.. note:: If you would rather not pass your password as plain text, you can pass .. note:: If you would rather not enter your password as plain text, you can pass
the ``--password`` parameter, without any arguments. This will cause the the ``--password`` parameter, without any arguments. This will cause the
program to prompt you for a password upon entering the command. program to prompt you for a password upon entering the command.
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ relationship:
# pvesm set store2 --fingerprint 64:d3:ff:3a:50:38:53:5a:9b:f7:50:...:ab:fe # pvesm set store2 --fingerprint 64:d3:ff:3a:50:38:53:5a:9b:f7:50:...:ab:fe
After that you should be able to see storage status with: After that, you should be able to view storage status with:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console

52
docs/pxar/description.rst
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@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
``pxar`` is a command line utility to create and manipulate archives in the ``pxar`` is a command line utility for creating and manipulating archives in the
:ref:`pxar-format`. :ref:`pxar-format`.
It is inspired by `casync file archive format It is inspired by `casync file archive format
<http://0pointer.net/blog/casync-a-tool-for-distributing-file-system-images.html>`_, <http://0pointer.net/blog/casync-a-tool-for-distributing-file-system-images.html>`_,
which caters to a similar use-case. which caters to a similar use-case.
The ``.pxar`` format is adapted to fulfill the specific needs of the Proxmox The ``.pxar`` format is adapted to fulfill the specific needs of the Proxmox
Backup Server, for example, efficient storage of hardlinks. Backup Server, for example, efficient storage of hard links.
The format is designed to reduce storage space needed on the server by achieving The format is designed to reduce the required storage on the server by
a high level of deduplication. achieving a high level of deduplication.
Creating an Archive Creating an Archive
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ This will create a new archive called ``archive.pxar`` with the contents of the
the same name is already present in the target folder, the creation will the same name is already present in the target folder, the creation will
fail. fail.
By default, ``pxar`` will skip certain mountpoints and will not follow device By default, ``pxar`` will skip certain mount points and will not follow device
boundaries. This design decision is based on the primary use case of creating boundaries. This design decision is based on the primary use case of creating
archives for backups. It makes sense to not back up the contents of certain archives for backups. It makes sense to ignore the contents of certain
temporary or system specific files. temporary or system specific files in a backup.
To alter this behavior and follow device boundaries, use the To alter this behavior and follow device boundaries, use the
``--all-file-systems`` flag. ``--all-file-systems`` flag.
@ -41,40 +41,38 @@ by running:
# pxar create archive.pxar /path/to/source --exclude '**/*.txt' # pxar create archive.pxar /path/to/source --exclude '**/*.txt'
Be aware that the shell itself will try to expand all of the glob patterns before Be aware that the shell itself will try to expand glob patterns before invoking
invoking ``pxar``. ``pxar``. In order to avoid this, all globs have to be quoted correctly.
In order to avoid this, all globs have to be quoted correctly.
It is possible to pass the ``--exclude`` parameter multiple times, in order to It is possible to pass the ``--exclude`` parameter multiple times, in order to
match more than one pattern. This allows you to use more complex match more than one pattern. This allows you to use more complex
file exclusion/inclusion behavior. However, it is recommended to use file inclusion/exclusion behavior. However, it is recommended to use
``.pxarexclude`` files instead for such cases. ``.pxarexclude`` files instead for such cases.
For example you might want to exclude all ``.txt`` files except for a specific For example you might want to exclude all ``.txt`` files except a specific
one from the archive. This is achieved via the negated match pattern, prefixed one from the archive. This would be achieved via the negated match pattern,
by ``!``. prefixed by ``!``. All the glob patterns are relative to the ``source``
All the glob patterns are relative to the ``source`` directory. directory.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# pxar create archive.pxar /path/to/source --exclude '**/*.txt' --exclude '!/folder/file.txt' # pxar create archive.pxar /path/to/source --exclude '**/*.txt' --exclude '!/folder/file.txt'
.. NOTE:: The order of the glob match patterns matters as later ones override .. NOTE:: The order of the glob match patterns matters, as later ones override
previous ones. Permutations of the same patterns lead to different results. earlier ones. Permutations of the same patterns lead to different results.
``pxar`` will store the list of glob match patterns passed as parameters via the ``pxar`` will store the list of glob match patterns passed as parameters via the
command line, in a file called ``.pxarexclude-cli`` at the root of command line, in a file called ``.pxarexclude-cli``, at the root of the archive.
the archive.
If a file with this name is already present in the source folder during archive If a file with this name is already present in the source folder during archive
creation, this file is not included in the archive and the file containing the creation, this file is not included in the archive, and the file containing the
new patterns is added to the archive instead, the original file is not altered. new patterns is added to the archive instead. The original file is not altered.
A more convenient and persistent way to exclude files from the archive is by A more convenient and persistent way to exclude files from the archive is by
placing the glob match patterns in ``.pxarexclude`` files. placing the glob match patterns in ``.pxarexclude`` files.
It is possible to create and place these files in any directory of the filesystem It is possible to create and place these files in any directory of the filesystem
tree. tree.
These files must contain one pattern per line, again later patterns win over These files must contain one pattern per line, and later patterns override
previous ones. earlier ones.
The patterns control file exclusions of files present within the given directory The patterns control file exclusions of files present within the given directory
or further below it in the tree. or further below it in the tree.
The behavior is the same as described in :ref:`client_creating_backups`. The behavior is the same as described in :ref:`client_creating_backups`.
@ -89,7 +87,7 @@ with the following command:
# pxar extract archive.pxar /path/to/target # pxar extract archive.pxar /path/to/target
If no target is provided, the content of the archive is extracted to the current If no target is provided, the contents of the archive is extracted to the current
working directory. working directory.
In order to restore only parts of an archive, single files, and/or folders, In order to restore only parts of an archive, single files, and/or folders,
@ -116,13 +114,13 @@ run the following command:
# pxar list archive.pxar # pxar list archive.pxar
This displays the full path of each file or directory with respect to the This displays the full path of each file or directory with respect to the
archives root. archive's root.
Mounting an Archive Mounting an Archive
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
``pxar`` allows you to mount and inspect the contents of an archive via _`FUSE`. ``pxar`` allows you to mount and inspect the contents of an archive via _`FUSE`.
In order to mount an archive named ``archive.pxar`` to the mountpoint ``/mnt``, In order to mount an archive named ``archive.pxar`` to the mount point ``/mnt``,
run the command: run the command:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
@ -130,7 +128,7 @@ run the command:
# pxar mount archive.pxar /mnt # pxar mount archive.pxar /mnt
Once the archive is mounted, you can access its content under the given Once the archive is mounted, you can access its content under the given
mountpoint. mount point.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console

8
docs/sysadmin.rst
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@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ Host System Administration
========================== ==========================
`Proxmox Backup`_ is based on the famous Debian_ Linux `Proxmox Backup`_ is based on the famous Debian_ Linux
distribution. That means that you have access to the whole world of distribution. This means that you have access to the entire range of
Debian packages, and the base system is well documented. The `Debian Debian packages, and that the base system is well documented. The `Debian
Administrator's Handbook`_ is available online, and provides a Administrator's Handbook`_ is available online, and provides a
comprehensive introduction to the Debian operating system. comprehensive introduction to the Debian operating system.
@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ updates to some Debian packages when necessary.
We also deliver a specially optimized Linux kernel, where we enable We also deliver a specially optimized Linux kernel, where we enable
all required virtualization and container features. That kernel all required virtualization and container features. That kernel
includes drivers for ZFS_, and several hardware drivers. For example, includes drivers for ZFS_, as well as several hardware drivers. For example,
we ship Intel network card drivers to support their newest hardware. we ship Intel network card drivers to support their newest hardware.
The following sections will concentrate on backup related topics. They The following sections will concentrate on backup related topics. They
either explain things which are different on `Proxmox Backup`_, or will explain things which are different on `Proxmox Backup`_, or
tasks which are commonly used on `Proxmox Backup`_. For other topics, tasks which are commonly used on `Proxmox Backup`_. For other topics,
please refer to the standard Debian documentation. please refer to the standard Debian documentation.

130
docs/technical-overview.rst
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Datastores
A Datastore is the logical place where :ref:`Backup Snapshots A Datastore is the logical place where :ref:`Backup Snapshots
<term_backup_snapshot>` and their chunks are stored. Snapshots consist of a <term_backup_snapshot>` and their chunks are stored. Snapshots consist of a
manifest, blobs, dynamic- and fixed-indexes (see :ref:`terms`), and are manifest, blobs, and dynamic- and fixed-indexes (see :ref:`terms`), and are
stored in the following directory structure: stored in the following directory structure:
<datastore-root>/<type>/<id>/<time>/ <datastore-root>/<type>/<id>/<time>/
@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ The chunks of a datastore are found in
<datastore-root>/.chunks/ <datastore-root>/.chunks/
This chunk directory is further subdivided by the first four byte of the chunks This chunk directory is further subdivided by the first four bytes of the
checksum, so the chunk with the checksum chunk's checksum, so a chunk with the checksum
a342e8151cbf439ce65f3df696b54c67a114982cc0aa751f2852c2f7acc19a8b a342e8151cbf439ce65f3df696b54c67a114982cc0aa751f2852c2f7acc19a8b
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ per directory can be bad for file system performance.
These chunk directories ('0000'-'ffff') will be preallocated when a datastore These chunk directories ('0000'-'ffff') will be preallocated when a datastore
is created. is created.
Fixed-sized Chunks Fixed-Sized Chunks
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
For block based backups (like VMs), fixed-sized chunks are used. The content For block based backups (like VMs), fixed-sized chunks are used. The content
@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ often tries to allocate files in contiguous pieces, so new files get new
blocks, and changing existing files changes only their own blocks. blocks, and changing existing files changes only their own blocks.
As an optimization, VMs in `Proxmox VE`_ can make use of 'dirty bitmaps', which As an optimization, VMs in `Proxmox VE`_ can make use of 'dirty bitmaps', which
can track the changed blocks of an image. Since these bitmap are also a can track the changed blocks of an image. Since these bitmaps are also a
representation of the image split into chunks, there is a direct relation representation of the image split into chunks, there is a direct relation
between dirty blocks of the image and chunks which need to get uploaded, so between the dirty blocks of the image and chunks which need to be uploaded.
only modified chunks of the disk have to be uploaded for a backup. Thus, only modified chunks of the disk need to be uploaded to a backup.
Since the image is always split into chunks of the same size, unchanged blocks Since the image is always split into chunks of the same size, unchanged blocks
will result in identical checksums for those chunks, so such chunks do not need will result in identical checksums for those chunks, so such chunks do not need
@ -71,24 +71,24 @@ changed blocks.
For consistency, `Proxmox VE`_ uses a QEMU internal snapshot mechanism, that For consistency, `Proxmox VE`_ uses a QEMU internal snapshot mechanism, that
does not rely on storage snapshots either. does not rely on storage snapshots either.
Dynamically sized Chunks Dynamically Sized Chunks
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If one does not want to backup block-based systems but rather file-based When working with file-based systems rather than block-based systems,
systems, using fixed-sized chunks is not a good idea, since every time a file using fixed-sized chunks is not a good idea, since every time a file
would change in size, the remaining data gets shifted around and this would would change in size, the remaining data would be shifted around,
result in many chunks changing, reducing the amount of deduplication. resulting in many chunks changing and the amount of deduplication being reduced.
To improve this, `Proxmox Backup`_ Server uses dynamically sized chunks To improve this, `Proxmox Backup`_ Server uses dynamically sized chunks
instead. Instead of splitting an image into fixed sizes, it first generates a instead. Instead of splitting an image into fixed sizes, it first generates a
consistent file archive (:ref:`pxar <pxar-format>`) and uses a rolling hash consistent file archive (:ref:`pxar <pxar-format>`) and uses a rolling hash
over this on-the-fly generated archive to calculate chunk boundaries. over this on-the-fly generated archive to calculate chunk boundaries.
We use a variant of Buzhash which is a cyclic polynomial algorithm. It works We use a variant of Buzhash which is a cyclic polynomial algorithm. It works
by continuously calculating a checksum while iterating over the data, and on by continuously calculating a checksum while iterating over the data, and on
certain conditions it triggers a hash boundary. certain conditions, it triggers a hash boundary.
Assuming that most files of the system that is to be backed up have not Assuming that most files on the system that is to be backed up have not
changed, eventually the algorithm triggers the boundary on the same data as a changed, eventually the algorithm triggers the boundary on the same data as a
previous backup, resulting in chunks that can be reused. previous backup, resulting in chunks that can be reused.
@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ can be encrypted, and they are handled in a slightly different manner than
normal chunks. normal chunks.
The hashes of encrypted chunks are calculated not with the actual (encrypted) The hashes of encrypted chunks are calculated not with the actual (encrypted)
chunk content, but with the plain-text content concatenated with the encryption chunk content, but with the plain-text content, concatenated with the encryption
key. This way, two chunks of the same data encrypted with different keys key. This way, two chunks with the same data but encrypted with different keys
generate two different checksums and no collisions occur for multiple generate two different checksums and no collisions occur for multiple
encryption keys. encryption keys.
@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ the previous backup, do not need to be encrypted and uploaded.
Caveats and Limitations Caveats and Limitations
----------------------- -----------------------
Notes on hash collisions Notes on Hash Collisions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Every hashing algorithm has a chance to produce collisions, meaning two (or Every hashing algorithm has a chance to produce collisions, meaning two (or
more) inputs generate the same checksum. For SHA-256, this chance is more) inputs generate the same checksum. For SHA-256, this chance is
negligible. To calculate such a collision, one can use the ideas of the negligible. To calculate the chances of such a collision, one can use the ideas
'birthday problem' from probability theory. For big numbers, this is actually of the 'birthday problem' from probability theory. For big numbers, this is
infeasible to calculate with regular computers, but there is a good actually unfeasible to calculate with regular computers, but there is a good
approximation: approximation:
.. math:: .. math::
@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ approximation:
p(n, d) = 1 - e^{-n^2/(2d)} p(n, d) = 1 - e^{-n^2/(2d)}
Where `n` is the number of tries, and `d` is the number of possibilities. Where `n` is the number of tries, and `d` is the number of possibilities.
For a concrete example lets assume a large datastore of 1 PiB, and an average For a concrete example, lets assume a large datastore of 1 PiB and an average
chunk size of 4 MiB. That means :math:`n = 268435456` tries, and :math:`d = chunk size of 4 MiB. That means :math:`n = 268435456` tries, and :math:`d =
2^{256}` possibilities. Inserting those values in the formula from earlier you 2^{256}` possibilities. Inserting those values in the formula from earlier you
will see that the probability of a collision in that scenario is: will see that the probability of a collision in that scenario is:
@ -136,94 +136,96 @@ will see that the probability of a collision in that scenario is:
3.1115 * 10^{-61} 3.1115 * 10^{-61}
For context, in a lottery game of guessing 6 out of 45, the chance to correctly For context, in a lottery game of guessing 6 numbers out of 45, the chance to
guess all 6 numbers is only :math:`1.2277 * 10^{-7}`, that means the chance of correctly guess all 6 numbers is only :math:`1.2277 * 10^{-7}`. This means the
a collision is about the same as winning 13 such lotto games *in a row*. chance of a collision is about the same as winning 13 such lottery games *in a
row*.
In conclusion, it is extremely unlikely that such a collision would occur by In conclusion, it is extremely unlikely that such a collision would occur by
accident in a normal datastore. accident in a normal datastore.
Additionally, SHA-256 is prone to length extension attacks, but since there is Additionally, SHA-256 is prone to length extension attacks, but since there is
an upper limit for how big the chunk are, this is not a problem, since a an upper limit for how big the chunks are, this is not a problem, because a
potential attacker cannot arbitrarily add content to the data beyond that potential attacker cannot arbitrarily add content to the data beyond that
limit. limit.
File-based Backup File-Based Backup
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Since dynamically sized chunks (for file-based backups) are created on a custom Since dynamically sized chunks (for file-based backups) are created on a custom
archive format (pxar) and not over the files directly, there is no relation archive format (pxar) and not over the files directly, there is no relation
between files and the chunks. This means that the Proxmox Backup client has to between the files and chunks. This means that the Proxmox Backup Client has to
read all files again for every backup, otherwise it would not be possible to read all files again for every backup, otherwise it would not be possible to
generate a consistent independent pxar archive where the original chunks can be generate a consistent, independent pxar archive where the original chunks can be
reused. Note that there will be still only new or change chunks be uploaded. reused. Note that in spite of this, only new or changed chunks will be uploaded.
Verification of encrypted chunks Verification of Encrypted Chunks
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
For encrypted chunks, only the checksum of the original (plaintext) data is For encrypted chunks, only the checksum of the original (plaintext) data is
available, making it impossible for the server (without the encryption key), to available, making it impossible for the server (without the encryption key) to
verify its content against it. Instead only the CRC-32 checksum gets checked. verify its content against it. Instead only the CRC-32 checksum gets checked.
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting
--------------- ---------------
Index files(.fidx, .didx) contain information about how to rebuild a file, more Index files(*.fidx*, *.didx*) contain information about how to rebuild a file.
precisely, they contain an ordered list of references to the chunks the original More precisely, they contain an ordered list of references to the chunks that
file was split up in. If there is something wrong with a snapshot it might be the original file was split into. If there is something wrong with a snapshot,
useful to find out which chunks are referenced in this specific snapshot, and it might be useful to find out which chunks are referenced in it, and check
check wheather all of them are present and intact. The command for getting the whether they are present and intact. The ``proxmox-backup-debug`` command line
list of referenced chunks could look something like this: tool can be used to inspect such files and recover their contents. For example,
to get a list of the referenced chunks of a *.fidx* index:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# proxmox-backup-debug inspect file drive-scsi0.img.fidx # proxmox-backup-debug inspect file drive-scsi0.img.fidx
The same command can be used to look at .blob file, without ``--decode`` just The same command can be used to inspect *.blob* files. Without the ``--decode``
the size and the encryption type, if any, is printed. If ``--decode`` is set the parameter, just the size and the encryption type, if any, are printed. If
blob file is decoded into the specified file('-' will decode it directly into ``--decode`` is set, the blob file is decoded into the specified file ('-' will
stdout). decode it directly to stdout).
The following example would print the decoded contents of
`qemu-server.conf.blob`. If the file you're trying to inspect is encrypted, a
path to the key file must be provided using ``--keyfile``.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# proxmox-backup-debug inspect file qemu-server.conf.blob --decode - # proxmox-backup-debug inspect file qemu-server.conf.blob --decode -
would print the decoded contents of `qemu-server.conf.blob`. If the file you're You can also check in which index files a specific chunk file is referenced
trying to inspect is encrypted, a path to the keyfile has to be provided using
``--keyfile``.
Checking in which index files a specific chunk file is referenced can be done
with: with:
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# proxmox-backup-debug inspect chunk b531d3ffc9bd7c65748a61198c060678326a431db7eded874c327b7986e595e0 --reference-filter /path/in/a/datastore/directory # proxmox-backup-debug inspect chunk b531d3ffc9bd7c65748a61198c060678326a431db7eded874c327b7986e595e0 --reference-filter /path/in/a/datastore/directory
Here ``--reference-filter`` specifies where index files should be searched, this Here ``--reference-filter`` specifies where index files should be searched. This
can be an arbitrary path. If, for some reason, the filename of the chunk was can be an arbitrary path. If, for some reason, the filename of the chunk was
changed you can explicitly specify the digest using ``--digest``, by default the changed, you can explicitly specify the digest using ``--digest``. By default, the
chunk filename is used as the digest to look for. Specifying no chunk filename is used as the digest to look for. If no ``--reference-filter``
``--reference-filter`` will just print the CRC and encryption status of the is specified, it will only print the CRC and encryption status of the chunk. You
chunk. You can also decode chunks, to do so ``--decode`` has to be set. If the can also decode chunks, by setting the ``--decode`` flag. If the chunk is
chunk is encrypted a ``--keyfile`` has to be provided for decoding. encrypted, a ``--keyfile`` must be provided, in order to decode it.
Restore without a running PBS Restore without a Running Proxmox Backup Server
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
It is possible to restore spefiic files of snapshots without a running PBS using It's possible to restore specific files from a snapshot, without a running
the `recover` sub-command, provided you have access to the intact index and Proxmox Backup Server instance, using the ``recover`` subcommand, provided you
chunk files. Note that you also need the corresponding key file if the backup have access to the intact index and chunk files. Note that you also need the
was encrypted. corresponding key file if the backup was encrypted.
.. code-block:: console .. code-block:: console
# proxmox-backup-debug recover index drive-scsi0.img.fidx /path/to/.chunks # proxmox-backup-debug recover index drive-scsi0.img.fidx /path/to/.chunks
In above example the `/path/to/.chunks` argument is the path to the directory In the above example, the `/path/to/.chunks` argument is the path to the
that contains contains the chunks, and `drive-scsi0.img.fidx` is the index-file directory that contains the chunks, and `drive-scsi0.img.fidx` is the index file
of the file you'd lile to restore. Both paths can be absolute or relative. With of the file you'd like to restore. Both paths can be absolute or relative. With
``--skip-crc`` it is possible to disable the crc checks of the chunks, this will ``--skip-crc``, it's possible to disable the CRC checks of the chunks. This
speed up the process slightly and allows for trying to restore (partially) will speed up the process slightly and allow for trying to restore (partially)
corrupt chunks. It's recommended to always try without the skip-CRC option corrupt chunks. It's recommended to always try without the skip-CRC option
first. first.